By Makadir Ajam

THE characterization of Israel as the oppressor in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is a perspective held by many, particularly within the Palestinian community and among various international observers and human rights organizations.

This viewpoint emphasizes several key aspects including:

Military Occupation and Settlements:
Israel’s occupation of the West Bank and East Jerusalem since the 1967 Six-Day War is often cited as a primary factor in the oppression narrative. The expansion of Israeli settlements in these territories is viewed as illegal under international law by the United Nations and many countries, exacerbating tensions and diminishing the prospects for a viable Palestinian state.

Gaza Blockade:
The blockade of Gaza, imposed by Israel and Egypt, has severely restricted the movement of people and goods, leading to significant humanitarian challenges. Critics argue that this blockade constitutes collective punishment and contributes to the impoverishment and suffering of the Gazan population.

Use of Force:
Israel’s military responses to Palestinian protests and acts of violence, often involving airstrikes and ground operations, have been criticized for their impact on civilians. Human rights organizations have documented instances of what they describe as excessive use of force and violations of international humanitarian law.

Discrimination and Legal Inequality:
Within Israel, there are concerns about systemic discrimination against Palestinian citizens of Israel, who comprise about 20% of the population. Issues such as unequal access to resources, disparities in public services, and restrictions on political and civil rights contribute to the perception of oppression.

Displacement and Refugee Crisis:
The displacement of Palestinians during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and the subsequent refugee crisis remain central grievances. The right of return for Palestinian refugees, as enshrined in UN Resolution 194, is a contentious issue, with Israel opposing mass return, citing demographic and security concerns.

Control Over Daily Life:
In the West Bank, the presence of Israeli checkpoints, the separation barrier, and restrictions on movement are seen as significant obstacles to daily life for Palestinians, affecting their access to employment, education, and healthcare.

These points collectively contribute to the portrayal of Israel as the oppressor in the conflict, highlighting the power imbalances and the enduring hardships faced by Palestinians.

This perspective advocates for a reevaluation of policies and actions to address the asymmetries and work towards a just and lasting resolution to the conflict.